A vasectomy is not castration. It does not involve removal of the testicles. It also does not effect male sex hormones or their release into the bloodstream. After the vasectomy, it is usual for the main to maintain his libido, his ability to sustain erection and orgasm and to experience a full ejaculation. Also in females, their libido and menstrual cycle are not effected by a tubal ligation.

The procedure can also be reversed. This allows for reproduction again. The procedure is known as vasovasostomy and is a form of microsurgery. However it is important to note that in many cases it is not successful. Therefore vasectomies should be approached and treated as irreversible procedures.

One alternative to reversal is for the man to store sperm in cryostorage prior having the vasectomy. While cryostorage is not perfect, it does provide the ability for artificial insemination of his partner with his sperm should he decide he would like to have more children.